30+ YEARS OF EXPERIENCE IN CARBON INDUSTRY

Self-baking electrodes (electrode paste) are produced using electrically calcined anthracite（ECA）, coke, pitch, and graphite scraps as raw materials. These are proportioned and mixed according to specific particle size distributions, then stirred, kneaded, and pressed into shape at appropriate temperatures before being cooled into the final paste product. During operation, chunks of electrode paste are loaded into the electrode shell of a submerged arc furnace. The paste self-bakes during operation, driven by Joule heat generated from the electric current and heat conducted from within the furnace. This allows for continuous operation, where the electrode is extended and sintered while in use. Self-baking electrodes of varying diameters are selected based on the furnace's capacity. Due to their simple structural design and low operating costs, self-baking electrodes are widely used in ferroalloy production.

High-temperature calcination of anthracite and petroleum coke to remove moisture and volatile matter, thereby enhancing true density, electrical conductivity, and oxidation resistance.

Carbon aggregates are crushed and graded into coarse, medium, and fine fractions, with strict control over particle size ranges. The particle size determines the sintered density, fluidity, and resistance to paste segregation.

Dry Mixing: Carbon aggregates are fed into the kneading pot and dry-mixed, preheating to 90–110°C (typically for about 20 minutes).

Pitch Melting: Medium-temperature pitch is heated to 160–170°C to melt and dehydrate it.

Wet kneading: Molten pitch is added, the mixture is kneaded for 40–60 minutes while maintaining a temperature of 135–150°C. Excessive temperatures cause pitch cracking, while temperatures that are too low result in poor wetting and insufficient plasticity of the paste.

The hot paste is pressed into finished blocks and cooled (either naturally or via water cooling), rapid cooling must be avoided to prevent internal cracking.